Objectives The authors aimed to examine whether changes in health risk behaviour rates alter the relationships between behaviours during adolescence, by comparing clustering of risk behaviours at different time points. Design Comparison of two cohort studies, the Twenty-07 Study (’€˜earlier cohort’€™, surveyed in 1987 and 1990) and the 11-16/16+ Study …

Aims To identify and assess the effectiveness of experimental studies of interventions that report on multiple risk behaviour outcomes in young people. Methods A systematic review was performed to identify experimental studies of interventions to reduce risk behaviour in adolescents or young adults and that reported on both any substance …

OBJECTIVE: To determine outcomes of pregnant women and their infants at McCord Hospital in Durban, South Africa, where dual and triple therapy to reduce HIV vertical transmission have been used since 2004 despite national guidelines recommending simpler regimens. METHOD: We retrospectively examined records of all pregnant women attending McCord Hospital …

The observed clustering, and shared underlying determinants, of risk behaviours in young people has led to the proposition that interventions should take a broader approach to risk behaviour prevention. In this review we synthesized the evidence on ‘what works’ to prevent multiple risk behaviour (focusing on tobacco, alcohol and illicit …

Objectives. We used individual participant data from multiple studies to conduct a comprehensive meta-analysis of mechanical exposures in the workplace and low back pain. Methods. We conducted a systematic literature search and contacted an author of each study to request their individual participant data. Because outcome definitions and exposure measures …

Purpose Misclassification of gestational age based on the last menstrual period (LMP) in routinely collected data creates bias in newborn birthweight and gestational age-related indicators. Common correction methods have not been evaluated. We developed a normal mixture model for use with SAS software to correct misclassification of gestational age and …

Background: Despite interest in knowledge translation and exchange (KTE) in public health, few reports provide an account of knowledge brokerage organisations such as the Scottish Collaboration for Public Health Research and Policy (SCPHRP). SCPHRP’s role is to identify public health interventions that equitably address major health priorities, foster collaboration between …

Background The global and within-country epidemiology of cervical cancer exemplifies health inequity. Public health programs may reduce absolute risk but increase inequity; inequity may be further compounded by screening programs. In this context, we aimed to explore what the impact of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine might have on health equity …

Commentary:  Persistent social inequalities in health: Insensitive outcomes, inadequate policies, or both? Frank JW, Haw SH. Milbank Q. 2013 Mar;91(1):192-200. DOI: 10.1111/milq.12007. Comment on: long-term monitoring of health inequalities in Scotland–a response to Frank and Haw. McCartney G, Leyland AH, Fischbacher CM, Whyte B, Walsh D, Stockton DL.Milbank Q. 2013 Mar; 91(1):186-91. Mar 20, …